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Venetian Fortezza Castle
The Fortezza (Greek: Φορτέτζα, from Italian for “fortress”) is the citadel of the city of Rethymno in Crete, Greece. It was built by the Venetians in the 16th century, and was captured by the Ottomans in 1646. By the early 20th century, many houses were built within the citadel. These were demolished after World War II, leaving only a few historic buildings within the Fortezza. Today, the citadel is in good condition and is open to the public.
The Fortezza is built on a hill called Paleokastro (meaning “Old Castle”), which was the site of ancient Rhithymna’s acropolis.[1] Between the 10th and 13th centuries, the Byzantines established a fortified settlement to the east of the hill. It was called Castrum Rethemi, and it had square towers and two gates. The fortifications were repaired by Enrico Pescatore in the beginning of the 13th century. After Crete fell to the Republic of Venice, the settlement became known as the Castel Vecchio or Antico Castello, which both mean “old castle.”
Under Venetian rule, a small harbour was built in Rethymno, which became the third most important city on Crete after Heraklion and Chania. On 8 April 1540, a line of fortifications began to be built around the city. The walls were designed by the architect Michele Sanmicheli, and were completed in around 1570. These fortifications were not strong enough to withstand a large assault, and when Uluç Ali Reis attacked in 1571, the Ottomans captured and sacked the city.
Rimondi Venetian Fountain
A small but elegantly classical structure stands at Petichaki square, in the heart of the old town of Rethymno, close to Loggia. This is the Rimondi fountain built in 1626 during the Venetian rule. Named after the Venetian governor of the period, A. Rimondi, it continually threw water from three springs that had the form of lion heads and provided an important water source for the inhabitants of the Old Town.
Around the springs, there were ancient Greek columns with elegant endings on top. Between the columns, the two preserved tablets real Liberaliatis and Fonte. A Venetian coat of arms has been installed on top of the lion heads, in the middle of the fountain. Close to the Fountain, there are open cafeterias and other Venetian monuments.
Historic Arkadi Monastery
The Arkadi Monastery (in Greek: / Μονή Αρκαδίου) is an Eastern Orthodox monastery, situated on a fertile plateau 23 km (14 mi) to the southeast of Rethymnon on the island of Crete in Greece.
The current catholicon (church) dates back to the 16th century and is marked by the influence of the Renaissance. This influence is visible in the architecture, which mixes both Roman and baroque elements. As early as the 16th century, the monastery was a place for science and art and had a school and a rich library. Situated on a plateau, the monastery is well fortified, being surrounded by a thick and high wall.
The monastery played an active role in the Cretan resistance of Ottoman rule during the Cretan revolt of 1866. 943 Greeks, mostly women and children,[1] sought refuge in the monastery. After three days of battle and under orders from the hegumen (abbot) of the monastery, the Cretans blew up barrels of gunpowder, choosing to sacrifice themselves rather than surrender.
The monastery became a national sanctuary in honor of the Cretan resistance. 8 November is a day of commemorative parties in Arkadi and Rethymno. The explosion did not end the Cretan insurrection, but it attracted the attention of the rest of the world.
Moni Preveli
Moni Preveli, also known as the Preveli Monastery, is a historic landmark located on the southern coast of Crete, Greece. The monastery was founded in the 17th century and played a significant role in the Cretan resistance during World War II.
The monastery complex features stunning Byzantine architecture, including an impressive bell tower and a series of intricate frescoes. Visitors can explore the monastery’s museum, which houses a collection of artifacts related to the area’s history and culture, including manuscripts, icons, and religious relics.
In addition to its rich history, Moni Preveli is surrounded by stunning natural beauty. The monastery is situated on a hill overlooking the Libyan Sea and is surrounded by lush greenery and rugged cliffs. Visitors can take a short hike down to the nearby Preveli Beach, which is known for its towering palm trees and crystal-clear turquoise waters.
Whether you’re interested in history, religion, or simply soaking up the natural beauty of Crete, Moni Preveli is a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to the island. With its stunning architecture, rich cultural heritage, and breathtaking views, it’s no wonder that Moni Preveli is one of Crete’s most popular attractions.
Phaistos
Phaistos, also known as Faistos, is an ancient Minoan palace located on the southern coast of Crete, Greece. The palace was built in the second millennium BCE and is one of the most important archaeological sites on the island.
Visitors to Phaistos can explore the palace complex, which includes a series of impressive courtyards, storerooms, and living quarters. The site is also home to several striking artifacts, including a large clay disc that is believed to be one of the oldest examples of writing in Europe.
In addition to its rich history and archaeological significance, Phaistos is surrounded by stunning natural beauty. The palace is situated on a hill overlooking the Messara Plain, and visitors can enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
Whether you’re a history buff, an archaeology enthusiast, or simply looking to soak up the beauty of Crete, Phaistos is a must-visit destination. With its impressive architecture, fascinating artifacts, and breathtaking views, it’s no wonder that Phaistos is one of the island’s most popular attractions.
The Old Town
Rethymno Old Town is a charming and historic district located in the heart of the city of Rethymno on the island of Crete, Greece. The Old Town is known for its picturesque alleys, colorful buildings, and rich cultural heritage.
Visitors to Rethymno Old Town can explore the narrow streets and alleyways, which are lined with shops, cafes, and restaurants. The district is also home to several impressive landmarks, including the Venetian Fortezza, a 16th-century fortress that offers stunning views of the city and the sea.
In addition to its architectural and cultural treasures, Rethymno Old Town is known for its lively atmosphere and vibrant nightlife. Visitors can enjoy live music, traditional dancing, and delicious food and drink at the many bars and tavernas that line the streets.
Whether you’re interested in history, culture, or simply soaking up the vibrant atmosphere of a bustling Greek city, Rethymno Old Town is a must-visit destination. With its stunning architecture, rich cultural heritage, and lively atmosphere, it’s no wonder that Rethymno Old Town is one of the most popular attractions on the island of Crete.